2024-03-28T19:32:36+03:30 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=21&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
21-212 2024-03-28 10.1002
Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 The Effect of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety Behaviors and Histomorphometry of Inner Pyramidal Layer Neurons of Frontal Cortex in Adult Male Rat mehdi nazari nazarimahdi90@gmail.com mahmood mofid mofidmmail@yahoo.com Homayon Sadraee h_sadraie@yahoo.com Gholamreza kaka Introduction: Low frequency electromagnetic waves have frequencies in the range of 300 KHz to 300 GHz and they are widely available in the environment. The biological effects of these waves are not fully understood on the human body and nervous system. The effects of low frequency electromagnetic waves on behavioural changes as well as the changes in the inner pyramidal neurons of the frontal lobe brain of the adult Wistar male rat were investigated in the present study.   Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, 20 rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was designated as the control group; moreover, experimental groups received 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz waves with the intensities of 2, 1 and 20 watts per kilogram, during one month and for 4 hours per day respectively. Elevated plus-maze test has been used in Behavioural tests. In addition, Golgi cox staining has been used in a hysteromorphometric test including the number of branches and dendritic spines of the inner pyramidal neurons of the frontal lobe.   Results: In experimental groups, Eelectromagnetic waves significantly reduced the number of entry and time spent in rats in the open arms of the Elevated plus-maze test compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.05).The results of historomorphometric study also indicated a significant reduction in the number of dendritic spines and branches of the inner pyramidal neurons of the frontal lobe of the rat brain in experimental groups compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.05)      . Discussion and Conclusion: Low-frequency electromagnetic radiation caused behavioural changes and it increased the anxiety in rats. Furthermore, it caused damage to the inner pyramidal layer neurons of the frontal cortex in experimental groups. GTEM cell device Elevated plus-maze test Frontal cortex Histomorphometry. 2020 6 01 1 9 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-212-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Athletic Satisfaction with Soldiers Sport Performance Level sadegh abedi Abedisadeh69@gmail.com ali roshandel hesari Ali.Roshandel1992@yahoo.com mohammad abbasi ilyaabas95@gmail.com Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and athletic satisfaction with the sport performance level in soldiers. Methods and Materials: This research is a correlational study and its statistical population was all soldiers aged 18 to 30 years of the 130 presidio Brigade of the Martyrs of Deljuyan in Bojnourd in 2019. 258 people were selected by cluster random sampling technique. The Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (ASQ), the Sovereign Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GSES) and the Sports Performance Checklist were used to collect research data. Spirman correlation coefficient statistical methods, step-by-step regression analysis and Collis-Wallis test were used to analyze the research data through SPSS version 22. Results:The results showed that there was a positive correlation between sports satisfaction and athletic performance (P <0.01). There is a positive correlation between self-efficacy (effort, initiative, perseverance) and athletic performance (P <0.01). The variables of initiative, perseverance and sports satisfaction are able to positively predict 28% of the variance in soldiers' athletic performance (P <0.001). There is no statistically significant relationship between the age and level of soldiers education with athletic performance, athletic satisfaction and self-efficacy (P <0.05). There is also no statistically significant relationship between athletic background and athletic satisfaction; however soldiers athletic performance and their self efficacy enhance by increasing their athletic background (P <0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that sports satisfaction and self-efficacy can predict soldier’s athletic performance. Sports satisfaction Self-efficacy Sports performance Soldiers. 2020 6 01 10 17 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-209-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 The Effect of Affective Priming on Creative Problem-Solving in the Selective Sample of AJA Staff Toraj Hashemi Shahram Vahedi Nadia Soltani Mohammad Mohsen Khoddami Abouzar Hedayatnia Introduction: One of the challenges of today's military systems is increasing the power of problem-solving and creativity. Using affective priming is one way to improve cognitive ability of problem-solving in staff and military personnel. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of positive and negative affective priming on RAT test and aimed to investigate the role of emotions on cognitive function of the creative problem-solving problem. Methods and Materials: This study was conducted in two stages (4 days interval). Initially, 24 participants completed the Trait Problem-solving Questionnaire and the RAT test. In the second phase of the experiment or four days later, these groups were randomly assigned into three groups: positive, negative, and neutral Affective Priming Tasks. Mixed-ANOVA was used for data analysis based on the design of this experiment (pre-test, post-test with the control group).Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Results: In this study, there is only a significant difference between the RAT scores of experimental and control groups (p = 0.034, α <0.05 and n = 24). Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that the effects of positive and negative emotions on RAT scores are not different in two-time steps (4 days interval); however, positive and negative emotions can potentially have different results in RAT score. In addition, it is the first time that the computerized RAT test was used to measure students' creative problem-solving skills in the current study. Affective priming Problem-Solving Creative problem solving RAT Test Positive and Negative Affective priming. 2020 6 01 18 25 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-214-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 Anti-Toxoplasma Effects of Artemisia aucheri Extract in Vitro Fatemeh Ghaffarifar - ghafarif@modares.ac.ir Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi - amirkarimipour49@gmail.com Ali Dalir Ghaffari - ali.ghafari@modares.ac.ir Pooya Tavakoli - tavakolii.cls@gmail.com Mohammad Barati - (mbaratim@gmail.com Aliakbar Rasekhi - rasekhi@modares.ac.ir Yeganeh KarimiPourSaryazdi - yeganehmohammad75@yahoo.com Bahareh Siahkohy - baharehsiahkohy@gmail.com Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a compulsive intracellular parasite of the Apicomplexa phylum that contaminates a wide range of vertebrates including humans, and it causes disease. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-Toxoplasma gondii effects of Artemisia aucheri. Methods and Materials: Tachyzoite assay was performed to evaluate the death rate of the parasite. Flow cytometry technique has been used in order to determine the possible induction of apoptosis in T. gondii tachyzoites. Furthermore, 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was obtained for macrophages by MTT assay. Results: The IC50 values of autumn and spring extracts of A. aucheri was estimated about 136 μg/ml and 119 μg/ml, respectively, in treated T. gondii tachyzoites. After 24 hours of macrophage incubation, the highest rate of cytotoxicity was observed in high concentrations of spring and autumn A. aucheri extracts. Based on the flow cytometry results the rates of normal, necrotic, and apoptotic cells treated with autumn extract were 93.1%, 2.45%, and 4.49%, respectively, and when with spring extract was treated, the rates were 60.4%, 3.99%, and 35.54%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: We concluded that the autumn and spring extracts of A. aucheri has lethal effect on T. gondii tachyzoites and also induces the apoptosis in parasites. Toxoplasma gondii Artemisia aucheri MTT Flow cytometry In vitro 2020 6 01 26 34 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-216-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 Effectiveness of Group Compassion Therapy on Improving Symptoms and Quality of Life in Bulimia Nervosa Marjan Mirzaei f.r.moeeni86@gmail.com AmirMohsen Rahnejat arahnejat@yahoo.com Najme Taheri najme.taheri@ymail.com Fateme Moeeni f.r.moeeni86@gmail.com Morteza Roostaei m_rostaee_1357@yahoo.com Mohsen Nazemi Mohsennazemi66@yahoo.com Mahdi Rezaei Mrezaeeg@gmail.com Introduction: Eating disorders are one of the most common psychological disorders in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group compassion therapy on improving symptoms and quality of life in bulimia nervosa. Methods and Materials: For this purpose, among the people with this disorder who referred to psychiatric and psychological clinics in Mashhad, 24 people were selected voluntarily and were randomly assigned in to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received group compassion therapy in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours and the control group did not receive any intervention. The dependent variables were measured twice in pretest and post test. The Binge Eating Scale and the Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to measure the variables.  Results: Data analysis using univariate analysis of covariance showed that by controlling the effects of pretest, group compassion therapy had a significant effect on improving symptoms and quality of life of people with this disorder. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study shows that group compassion therapy can be used as an appropriate and cost-effective treatment for people with bulimia and psychological problems associated with bulimia disorder. Compassion Therapy Nervous Overeating Severity of Binge Eating Quality of Life Bulimia. 2020 6 01 35 42 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-217-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 Relationship Between Self Confidence and Physical Activity Level in Elementary School Female Students in Bojnourd City roya Afrasiyabi royaafrassiabi398@gmail.com somayeh talebzadeh Somayeh.talebzadeh1992@yahoo.com Introduction: Investigation of physical activity level and factors affecting the physical activity pattern are very important among students. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self confidence and physical activity level in elementary school female students in Bojnourd city. Methods and Materials: This research was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study conducted during the academic year of 2018. The study population consisted of all elementary school female students in Bojnourd city. 335 students have been randomly selected among 2314 elementary students. Eysenck questionnaire was used to measure self confidence. In addition, some questions were asked about the level and amount of activity students. Descriptive Statistical methods, T-tests, and ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results: Data analysis showed that 31.34% of  students had very low self confidence, 59.10% of them had acceptable level of self confidence, and only 9.55% of students had very good self- confidence. A comparison of the physical activity level of students in terms of self confidence showed that the level of physical activity in high self confidence students are Significantly more than those with low and medium self confidence (p <0/01). Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicated that the physical activity level was not sufficient among female students. Therefore, it is necessary to have an education plan to educate female students regarding life style modification. Self Confidence Physical Activity Students Elementary School 2020 6 01 43 49 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 An Overview of the Mitogenic RAS Effectors and its Therapeutic Approaches zinati3333@gmail.com Introduction: Nowadays, cancer is one of the major public health problems in the worldwide. Ras is an oncoprotein that is mainly active in types of human cancers. A mutation has been observed in  Ras gene among the more 90% of cancers including  pancreatic, lung, and colon cancers. Ras proteins (N-Ras, H-Ras, and K-Ras) act as molecular switches and are activated via GTP binding and signaling cascades to control cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, apoptosis, migration, and division. Conversion of GTP to GDP (inactive state) is achieved through the internal GTPase activity of the Ras gene. Methods and Material: This review article has been performed by searching Cancer, Ras, Pancreatic, Lung, and Colon keywords in various data bases such as NCBI, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Results: Mutation in the Ras results in loss of internal GTPase activity and permanently activates the protein. In this scenario, a continuous signaling is achieved by Ras  leading to cell-free growth, avoidance of cell death mechanisms, and resistance to treatment. RASSF family of effectors or Ras inhibitors are involved in many of these pathways. Thus, RASSF proteins may act as Ras death effectors. It′s inactivation may also progress the development of Ras-dependent tumors. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, RASSF proteins represent an interesting and contradictory part of Ras that  can be used as a useful tool for targeting a large set of Ras-derived tumors. Cancer Ras Pancreatic Lung Colon 2020 6 01 50 55 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-215-en.pdf
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Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Paramedical Sciences and Military Health 2423-7507 2538-3086 10.18869/acadpub.jps 2020 15 1 Electromagnetic Waves a New Tool for Cellular Communications najmeh hadizadeh shirazi nhadizade@riau.ac.ir Introduction: Many cellular phenomena, such as the onset of cell division or the polymerization of cytoskeletal microtubules, are controlled not only by chemical or electrical connections, but also use long-distance methods such as sending electromagnetic waves. The article is a brief overview of past research and new information and documents published in this field. Methods and Materials: This review article has been performed by searching electromagnetic waves, cell, cellular connections, cell interaction, cellular biophysics keywords in various data bases such as Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Results: Studies have shown that the presence of electromagnetic waves is directly involved in the initiation and conduction of phenomena such as mitogenetics, mirror cytopathy or death flash and indirectly in other cellular processes. Discussion and Conclusion: In recent years, research has shown that many cells influence each other’s behavior by sending electromagnetic waves together. The existence of such connections can justify many unknown cellular behaviors. Electromagnetic waves Cell Cellular connections Cell interaction Cellular biophysics 2020 6 01 56 63 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-227-en.pdf