fa آموزش ارائه دهندگان خدمات بهداشتی از راه دور در دوران همه گیری کرونا؛ دیدگاه ها، چالشها و راه کارها مقالات کامل full articles مروری review <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><strong>مقدمه:</strong> همه &shy;گیری کووید19 بزرگ&shy;ترین چالشی بود که باعث شد سیستم &shy;های آموزشی در جهان با آن دست و پنجه نرم کنند. دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی دانشجویان را از محیط بالینی و دانشگاه خارج و به سمت آموزش مجازی هدایت کردند. این گذار ناگهانی به ویژه در رشته &shy;های وابسته به بالین همچون پرستاری با چالش&shy; های زیادی همراه شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="direction: rtl;"><span style="unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><strong><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش ها:</span></span></span><b style="font-size: 11pt;"> </b></strong><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مطالعه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حاضر</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نوع</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مروری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بوده</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقالات</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فارسی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">انگلیسی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موجود در </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بانک</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%">&shy;</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اطلاعاتی داخلی</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp; </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SID</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Magiran</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">خارجی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Google Scholar</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%">Scopus</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Science Direct </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PubMed </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Proquest </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">استفاده</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ازکلمات کلیدی</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزش مجازی، آموزش الکترونیک، آموزش تحت وب، کووید19، پرستاری و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سایر</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">کلمات کلیدی</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مرتبط</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">همراه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">معادل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">انگلیسی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آن</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بازه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمانی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"> 2013 - 2020 &nbsp;</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;استفاده شد.</span></span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><strong>یافته&shy; ها:</strong>&nbsp;در این مقاله نظرات، مزایا و محدودیت &shy;ها و راه کارهای موجود بر سر راه آموزش مجازی&nbsp; مورد توجه قرار گرفت. از مزایای آن انعطاف&shy; پذیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یادگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بستر</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مناسب</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یاددهی-یادگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می&shy; توان نام برد. و برخی چالش&shy; های آموزش مجازی در سه طبقه زیرساخت&shy; های آموزش مجازی، فرآیند آموزش و ارزشیابی مجازی، اخلاق و امنیت اطلاعات دسته&shy; بندی گردید. راهکارهای موجود نیز در حیطه آموزشی&nbsp; و ساختاری بود که مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><strong>بحث و نتیجه&shy; گیری: </strong>ایجاد</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آمادگی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ابعاد</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مختلف</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سیستم آموزشی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نیازمند</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برنامه</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&shy;&nbsp;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ریزی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دقیق</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">است.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اکنون</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمان</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مناسبی است</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تقویت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساختارها</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تکنولوژی&shy; های</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ضروری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اصلاح</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرایندهای</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزشی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارزشیابی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اساتید</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و دانشجویان</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">وضعیت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تهدید</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آمیز</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنونی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">را</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرصت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تبدیل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کرده</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گام</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بلندی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">راه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توسعه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سیستم &shy;های</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزشی و ادغام آن با سیستم آموزش مجازی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برداشته</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The Covid-19 pandemic was the biggest challenge that caused educational systems in the world to deal with it. Universities of medical sciences directed students away from the clinical environment and they lead them to virtual education. This sudden transition<br> was accompanied by many challenges especially in clinical fields such as nursing.</span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods and Materials: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This review article has been performed based on Persian and English articles using virtual education, electronic education, Online education, Covid-19, nursing and other related keywords in SID, Magiran and Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Proquest databases during the years of 2011 to 2020.</span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Point of view, advantages, limitations and existing solutions on the way of virtual education were considered in this article. Its advantages include learning flexibility and a suitable teaching-learning platform. Moreover, some challenges of virtual education were categorized in three categories of virtual education infrastructure, virtual education and evaluation process, ethics and information security. The existing solutions, that were examined, were also in the field of education and structure.</span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Discussion and Conclusion: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Preparation in different dimensions of the educational system requires careful planning. Now is the right time to turn the current threatening situation into an opportunity by strengthening the necessary structures and technologies, modifying the educational processes and evaluation, training the professors and students. In addition, a big step towards the development of educational systems and its integration with the virtual education system should be taking.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> آموزش مجازی, آموزش الکترونیک, آموزش تحت وب, کووید19, پرستاری Virtual Education, Electronic Education, Online Education, Covid-19, Nursing 48 57 http://jps.ajaums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-449-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 leila poursoleiman لیلا پورسلیمان moonlighlp1358@gmail.com 10031947532846001685 10031947532846001685 Yes Department of Emergency Medical Service, Faculty of Paramedicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran گروه فوریت پزشکی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران Mojtaba Sadeghi مجتبی صادقی kourosh5790@gmail.com 10031947532846001686 10031947532846001686 No Department of Health Information Technology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran گروه فناوری اطلاعات سلامت، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران